Plantain has become an increasingly important component of pasture seed mixes, driven in part by heightened environmental concerns regarding nitrate leaching from grazed pastoral systems. Nitrogen (N) fertiliser management is widely regarded as the principal agronomic lever for increasing plantain seed yield, especially in environments with low inherent soil fertility. This project aims to improve the agronomy of plantain seed production by identifying optimal biological and economic N application rates.
Key Points:
- Spring-applied nitrogen (N) increased plantain seed yield.
- Optimum yield was achieved at a total available N level (applied N + soil mineral N) of 147 ± 11kg N/ha across all three trial years.
- Economic returns declined at higher nitrogen rates, with diminishing margin-over-costs occurring between total N rates of 155-186kg N/ha across the trials.
- In high background soil N situations, additional nitrogen applications reduced profitability, resulting in losses of up to $800/ha compared with the untreated control.
- The strongest economic returns were in Trial 3, driven by seed yields of up to 3008 kg/ha.